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Time: 2017-02-17

Linear low-density polyethylene is mainly used in the manufacture of thin films due to its high tensile strength, good puncture resistance and tear resistance. Researchers in India announced January 27 that they have developed a new process for converting low-density polyethylene (LDPE), a polymer commonly used in plastic bags, into liquid fuel for many types of containers, medical and laboratory equipment, computer components and plastic bags, using kaolin catalysts at relatively low temperatures. His paper was published in the international journal environmental and Waste Management.

In their method, with the aid of kaolin catalyst, plastic waste heat to 400-500 ℃. This causes the long polymer chains of plastics to split, a process called thermal-catalytic degradation, which releases large quantities of much smaller carbon-rich molecules.

Kaolin is a clay mineral containing aluminum and silicon. As a catalyst, it can be cracked by providing a large number of active surfaces on which polymer molecules can be subjected to high temperatures in a batch reactor. The team to optimize the reaction temperature, under the condition of 450 ℃ kaolin dosage of * * * *, it can produce more than 70% of liquid fuel.

In other words, they can produce 700 grams of liquid fuel per kilogram of plastic waste. The by-products are flammable gases and waxes. They could increase this from 70% to nearly 80% and limit the reaction time, but that would require more of a catalyst: 1kg of kaolin to convert every 2kg of plastic.

It has been studied that the quality and yield of condensate products are functions of temperature and number of catalysts. Condensable components in heat and catalytic degradation under low temperature (450 ℃) is a tiny liquid oil viscosity, and temperature increase (from 475 ℃), its content become goo and wax.

Condensable compositions of recycling, from 400 ℃ to 30.8 wt. % 71.45% increase to 450 ℃, and can be further increased to * * * * value at 500 ℃ without catalyst 86.65 wt %. Using catalyst can increase the yield of condensable product and reduce the reaction time. * * * * under 450 ℃ the liquid composition of yield in 79.5 wt. %, catalyst and plastic ratio of 1:2.

The team used gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry to characterize the product molecules and found that the resulting liquid fuel consists mainly of 10 to 16 carbon atoms of alkanes and olefins. They explain that the liquid fuel can make the chemical properties of traditional fossil fuels very similar.