China's rubber industry is expected to achieve mechanized rubber mining
- time:
- 2019-05-13
On April 25, the Rubber Institute of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences officially launched the first generation of 4GXJ-1 portable electric rubber knife, which is light, labor-saving, easy to learn, does not harm rubber trees, and improves production efficiency. It has attracted more than 100 domestic rubber enterprises and large rubber planters to understand and experience on site. This indicates that China's rubber industry is expected to end the decades of pure manual tapping and enter the era of electromechanical tapping.
In recent years, affected by the world financial crisis and the sharp decline in international oil prices, the price of natural rubber is far below the cost price. Agricultural reclamation rubber plantations and rubber planters have been operating at a continuous loss. The income of rubber workers has been greatly reduced and it is difficult to maintain a livelihood. The phenomenon of rubber plantations abandoned and abandoned is serious, and the industry has suffered enormous losses. According to statistics, the abandoned area of rubber in China is more than 800,000 mu.
"The planting area of natural rubber in China exceeds 17 million mu, and the cost of human tapping accounts for more than 60% of the production cost." Xie Jianghui, Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, admitted that for decades, rubber planting in large areas in China still relied entirely on manual tapping in production. More and more young people are unwilling to engage in rubber tapping with high labor intensity and low income. It is urgent to realize mechanical tapping and solve the problem of industrial labor shortage.
To this end, the Academy of Thermal Sciences has set up a leading group for tackling key problems of intelligent rubber tapping machinery, and set up an intelligent rubber tapping equipment research laboratory. With the development of electric rubber knives as a breakthrough point, the research and development of fully automatic intelligent rubber tapping machinery will be carried out in a timely manner. Special funds have been set up to support more than 2 million yuan, and the key research and development projects of national "intelligent agricultural machinery" have been successfully approved.
Cao Jianhua, researcher of Rubber Research Institute of China Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences and director of Intelligent Rubber Extraction Equipment Research Department, introduced that after three years of tackling key problems, the research team of Intelligent Rubber Extraction Equipment independently developed and designed 17 kinds of electric rubber knives. Through production test, trial cutting, screening and optimization, the first generation of 4GXJ-1 electric rubber knife was successfully launched, breaking through the traditional rubber cutting knife wounding trees, low output, low efficiency and low efficiency. The first production line of electric rubber knife in China has been set up and mass production has been realized, which accelerates the transformation and application of scientific research results, and helps rubber industry to save costs, increase efficiency and upgrade.
Speaking of the advantages of this electric rubber knife, Cao Jianhua is confident: light and simple, weighing only 350 grams, equivalent to an apple weight, full power can be used for more than four hours; simple and easy to learn, novice general training 3-5 days can go to work, save more than 20 days than traditional rubber knife training, training costs significantly reduced; high leather ratio, less heavy knife back knife, less blade pressure on cutting latex tube, less glue discharge. Accelerating initial speed is beneficial to yield, and the cutting efficiency can be increased by 15-20% after skilled use.
"The most important thing is that the electric rubber knife has a limit protection device, which does not damage the rubber tree. The cutting depth and skin thickness are controlled by machinery, and can be adjusted by itself according to the tree age and production needs. The difficulty of rubber cutting technology is greatly reduced, the skin consumption is effectively reduced, and the technical experience of rubber workers is no longer relied on from time to time." Cao Jianhua said that the main parts of the electric rubber knife can be used for three to five years. According to the management of 30 mu rubber plantation by a rubber worker, the cost of replacing vulnerable parts and blades is less than 30 yuan per mu of rubber plantation per year, which is affordable for rubber farmers.
Wu Debin, a 52-year-old lab farm worker in the Academy of Thermal Sciences, has never cut rubber before. After three days of training, he takes up his post. The speed and quality of cutting rubber are no worse than those of the veteran glue workers who worked for 89 years. He laughed and said, "Electric rubber knife cutting speed is fast and labor-saving, don't worry about the strength of the grasp is not good, cut deep trees, bad eyes are no problem, basically a fool type."
Dong Xiuqian, a member of the third experimental team of the Academy of Thermal Sciences with 8 years'experience in rubber cutting, also learned the skills of using electric rubber knives in three days. She made a special comparison, compared with the traditional rubber knife, cutting 200 rubber plants, electric rubber knife can save half an hour, and "basically do not have to work hard, unlike before, cutting rubber every day is sweating, backache and backache."
"Small rubber knife, great achievement. Electric rubber knife, an agricultural science and technology innovation, will effectively promote the transformation and upgrading of rubber industry in Hainan. Zhao Qinghui, deputy director of Hainan Science and Technology Department, said frankly that natural rubber is the largest agricultural crop in Hainan, with an area of more than 8 million mu planted in the province, which is related to the livelihood of millions of Hainan rubber farmers. Successful research and development of electric rubber knife will benefit the rubber industry to save costs and increase efficiency, and increase farmers'income.
At the same day's electric rubber knife product promotion meeting, Haijiao Group, which was plagued by shortage of rubber workers and high cutting cost, asked the rubber Institute of the Academy of Thermal Sciences to organize experts to conduct on-site training at the enterprise base as soon as possible, and to discuss the next step of in-depth cooperation.
